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Source: European reflux
note: qianlong once China’s colour porcelain the peak age of history, the category of heavy and complicated, superb technology, is unprecedented, royal plant set good workmen of cunning work capabilities, in observance of the qianlong emperor wide hobby, archaize today, the careful research to burn, there are many innovation, hence to type out the imperial porcelain of kit kat, ornamental design reporting, elegant, individual at all. Xu of water flow zhai said porcelain with: “… to qianlong hua Ru extremely yi, to elaborate, several weapon in…” . Shao zhi people from “the additions to a master of ancient and modern China origin:” qing porcelain to qianlong and jisheng, type of mo and compare “.
the qianlong once, CiYi diligence, cannot leave du tao guan b. B do dragon’s heart and set all previous dynasties ancient jun, enclosed the quintessence of LiangQi both at home and abroad, cast eternal don’t meet it. Emperor qianlong hobby is broad, so as to royal craftsman, of which he is tire with porcelain, equipped colored glaze, draw lessons from the western, then become the color a, is the famous brand of colour porcelain in China. Ocean color, that is, jingdezhen in jiangxi province were ordered for Beijing palace fire special porcelain products, is the town of porcelain of intrauterine porcelain enamel response. While in Beijing, the qing emperor can direct supervision of the colored enamel porcelain firing process, but the white porcelain body should also be used to the factory of jingdezhen drive makes special order to burn, Ruth remote division of labor, plus the palace and the limit of the workshop environment, significantly limits the category and quantity of colored enamel porcelain, the qianlong emperor and gradually factory of jingdezhen drive makes life brought troublesome direct fire ocean color porcelain.
the color porcelain in ten years ago is not known, as the “work file” and daoguang period of qing “display file” open to the world. Tang Yingceng in yongzheng thirteen years wrote “tao affairs Syria slightly inscriptional record” (1735) the first to use the color word. Eight years of qianlong (1743) b was ordered to compile the edify atlas of 20, including 17 compiled specially mentioned the circular cut ocean mining, reporter: “the color vessels, this the new copy western enamel painting, figures, landscapes, flowers, fine feathers all people.” “Circle cut Bai Qi, color painting, imitating the western, so yue colour. Must be plain xi HuiShi masters, porphyrization mediate various pigments, dye try burning, with white porcelain piece of painting shall be read in paint temperature of sex, can be made of thick and thin, practice in perfect, always talk with eye, hand allowed for sex. The pigments with enamel color, the color of law has three…” B in the article, yung choi with colored enamel originally belongs to the enamel pigment, just because of the different painting techniques. In the office with white glaze porcelain body JinFeng created by ruyi hin made of painted porcelain body most enamel is given priority to with traditional Chinese painting, only a few USES the western pattern and western painting techniques. And the color is different, the color is mainly in jingdezhen firing, brought in western new decoration techniques, different from the traditional illustration painting skill, therefore the colour. Porcelain body and b is the creation of ocean color key figures, porcelain body between the colour and porcelain body colored enamel, except for same material technique, adornment is very different.
the qianlong prime of ocean color and colored enamel porcelain, are the most precious and most qing qing emperor attaches great importance to the category, at the time because of the glaze, the cause of the technology, the amount of fire is very scarce, in addition to climb a number (such as dishes, etc.) a little more, bottle opener for a pair of more commonly, can’t more than pairs, the vast majority of the collection in qing dynasty palace, except a few display the old Summer Palace, not for reward. Is handed down only Taipei’s Palace Museum, the Palace Museum in Beijing and nanjing museum still remains, spread in most of the collection of the old Summer Palace by the invaders plundered spread out.
since qianlong seven years, porcelain body ocean color products profit is fine, pay attention to hollow out, penetration, rotating, layer upon layer nesting, grain variety, production process difficult, complex, kit kat, challenging, and after the uncanny workmanship. According to qing dynasty palace archives, the early years of the qianlong acceded to the throne, has immediately show interest to fire ceramic. Many times to participate in the design and production of porcelain on the monkey before, on the attitude towards the system porcelain craftsmen, qianlong emperor yongzheng emperor, very kind, qianlong grudgingly and stingy praise word, such as seven, eight years of emperor qianlong b submission of secret memorials had great differences of new interlining and exquisite, this porcelain ChengLan, such as emperor qianlong imperial batch “” only. The qianlong emperor also rare to the potter’s reward for defective goods, or even blame b supervision, combined punishment scope for compensation. Due to the high, natural strict. Taipei Palace Museum hid qianlong painted enamel and the colour porcelain, belongs to the early qianlong six to ten more years in jingdezhen imperial palace or fire.
cong type bottle of prototype for the neolithic jade cong. Jade cong is a kind of internal outer barrel of jade, for our country ancient times one of the most important sacrificial vessel. According to the warring states period the rites, erotic, commodities “, “record:” with jade for six, heaven and earth with courtesy. Day, with pale wall with Huang Congli ground.” It is generally believed that jade cong associated with religious rituals, wealth power. Cong said the inner circle of foreign nature round place. Cong type bottle Yu Yucong, and took their cue from the foreign the characteristics of the inner circle, with small volume, will China since ancient times time view of the world including in it. Throughout history, the earliest porcelain cong type bottle appeared in the period of southern song dynasty imperial wares and longquan celadon ware. In the Ming dynasty, this kind of modelling to every white glaze. After the qing dynasty, cong type bottle opener and horizontal grain decoration gradually evolved into gossip grain, as a result, the late qing dynasty and called it “gossip bottle”. The symmetrical modelling, of primitive simplicity and elegant, shows the world view of the ancients nature round place. Gossip wen cong type bottle starts from qing qianlong dynasty, although the yongzheng official kilns are cong type bottle of fire, but not seen full of gossip. The type a, hence being followed, after firing. This bottle to gossip lines as the main grain, gossip grain is composed of short-term signs on behalf of the zhouyi in the dry,,, shock, xun, candy, gen, kun eight kinds of graphics. Mouth fu xi and the eight diagrams, gossip points, according to the eight party centered is present. “Yi” symbol gossip heaven, earth, thunder, wind, water, fire, mountain, ze eight kinds of natural phenomena. “Book of changes on the copulative” yue: “yi tai chi, is born two meter, two instrument was born four elephants, four elephants born gossip, gossip good or ill luck, born good or ill luck.”
the famille rose and gold gossip cong type bottle should be product of imperial palace, the whole shape of archaize, cong shape. This items with perfect for yellow glaze, outside the mouth along the left, the mouth along the colour, the neck painting consistent set of lines, the bottle walls anaglyph tu edge decorated with gossip, body with pastel green, yellow teeth, sky blue, pink and other colors painted lotus, camellia, etc, the natural and graceful with a silver spoon in her mouth, gorgeous and free from vulgarity, ring foot out, ring foot painted flowers, branches and leaves, the bottom in the turquoise glazed, fall “qing qianlong year” six. Cong type most bottles in a single color glaze, copy your brother, imitation officer, imitation of glaze is given priority to, colour is also mostly gold, blue glaze powder enamel cong a rare type of bottle shape works. So should be judged qianlong royal life under high level of work.
refer to: Hong Kong sotheby’s spring sale LOT. 2004 RMB 0233 price: 9534128 |
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