Something Chinese | Blue and White Porcelain

Blue and white porcelain is decorated with the blue pigment, usually from cobalt oxide, on shaped clean, white clay that is covered by a layer of transparent glaze and baked in a kiln at high temperatures. Producing of blue and white porcelain was found beginning in the Tang dynasty (618-907) , but it was not until the Yuan dynasty (1271-1368) that the art reached perfection. In the early 14th century, mass production of delicate and transparent blue and white porcelain started at Jingdezhen, usually called the “porcelain capital” of China.

青花瓷使用通常由氧化钴制成的蓝色颜料，在洁白的粘土上进行点缀设计，覆盖以透明釉，在窑中高温烘烤而成。青花瓷的生产开始于唐代（618-907）但直到元朝（1271-1368）方才登峰造极。十四世纪初，景德镇开始大规模生产精细而透明的，往往被称为中国的“瓷都”。

Evolution

14th century

The true development of blue and white porcelain in China started in the first half of the 14th century, when it progressively replaced the century-long tradition of bluish-white porcelain, or Qingbai. The main center of production was in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province.

中国青花瓷的真正发展始于十四世纪上半叶，它逐渐取代了世纪之久的青白瓷。青花瓷的主要生产中心在江西景德镇。

15th century

With the advent of the Ming dynasty in 1368, blue and white porcelain was shunned for a time by the Court, especially under the Hongwu and Yongle Emperors, considered as being inspirited by the foreign. However, it came back to prominence with the coronation of Xuande Emperor, and again developed from that time.

随着明朝在1368年的到来，青花瓷在洪武，永乐皇帝的统治下，被宫廷所唾弃，因为它被认为是受到外国的启发。 然而，青花瓷却因为宣德皇帝的到来，再次发展起来。

16th century

Some blue and white porcelains in the 16th century were characterized by Islamic influences, such as the wares under the Zhengde Emperor (1506–1521), which were sometimes decorated with Persian and Arabic , due to the influence from Muslim eunuchs serving at his court.

十六世纪的一些青花瓷器受到伊斯兰教的影响，如正德天皇（1506-1521）时期的器具，有时会带有波斯文和阿拉伯文，因为受到穆斯林宦官在朝廷的影响。

Influences

At the beginning of the 17th century Chinese blue and white porcelains were being exported directly to Europe. In the 17th and 18th centuries, Oriental blue and white porcelain was highly evaluated in Europe and America and sometimes enhanced by fine silver and gold mounts, collected by kings and princes.

到十七世纪初，中国的青花瓷被直接出口到欧洲。 在十八，十八世纪，东方的青花瓷器在欧洲和美国受到高度的重视，有时被精美的金银座架美化装饰，并被国王和王子收藏。

记者：严婧瑞 黄珩

美编：唐美璇

责编：周喆人